Business Insurance Wisconsin

Business insurance Wisconsin owners need starts with the rules that apply specifically to businesses operating in the state.

Two Wisconsin rules shape almost every coverage decision you will make here, and neither one appears on a generic insurance checklist. The first is the safe place statute. Wisconsin holds employers and owners of public buildings to a duty to keep the premises as safe as the nature of the place reasonably permits. That is a higher standard than ordinary negligence, and it cannot be handed off to a contractor or a tenant1.

The second is your worker’s compensation insurance trigger. Coverage becomes mandatory the day you hire a third employee, or once you pay $500 in combined gross wages in a single calendar quarter2. 

Business insurance in Wisconsin is the set of policies that answers those two rules and the rest of your operation. Nothing in state law requires every company to buy the same package. What state law does is set the floor for worker’s compensation and vehicle liability. Your landlord, your lender, your customers, and your license set the rest. Start with what Wisconsin requires. Then match each real exposure to the policy built for it. 

Is Business Insurance Required in Wisconsin? 

Yes. But, no single Wisconsin law makes every company buy every type of business insurance policy. The obligations to buy business insurance in Wisconsin comes from four places:

Wisconsin Worker’s Compensation Requirements 

A business must carry worker’s compensation insurance when either of these thresholds is met:

  • Headcount: Coverage is required on the day you employ a third worker, full time or part time.
  • Payroll: If you have one or more employees and pay $500 or more in combined gross wages in any calendar quarter for work done in Wisconsin, the policy must be in force by the tenth day of the first month of the next quarter3.  

Ownership does not work the way most owners assume. Sole proprietors, partners, and LLC members are generally not counted as employees, though they can elect coverage. Corporate officers are a different story. All policies covering corporations include officers. A closely held corporation with no more than ten stockholders may exclude one or two officers by endorsement.

Here is the part that catches business owners. An excluded officer is still an employee of the corporation, and that officer’s wages still count toward the three-employee and $500 thresholds4. 

And remember, a 1099 settles nothing. Wisconsin applies a nine-point test under s. 102.07(8)(b) to decide whether your subcontractor or owner-operator is actually your statutory employee. Miss the test and the worker counts for worker’s compensation insurance purposes, regardless of the paperwork you both signed5. 

What Happens If You Do Not Carry Required Worker’s Compensation Insurance?

Wisconsin takes required worker’s compensation insurance seriously, and the penalties for going without it can add up quickly.

The base penalty is twice the premium you did not pay during the uninsured period, or $750, whichever is greater. A first lapse of seven consecutive days or less, with no injury, can draw $100 for each uninsured day, up to $700. The Worker’s Compensation Division can also order your business closed until you are covered. If someone gets hurt, the Uninsured Employers Fund pays the claim and then comes to you for every dollar of it, personally6.

There is a quieter risk for employers below the thresholds. If you are not subject to the Act and carry no policy, you lose the trade-off the system is built on. An injured worker can sue you in civil court for damages instead of collecting scheduled benefits, according to the Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development. Buying coverage voluntarily is permitted, and for a two-person shop that number is often small next to the exposure. 

Two mechanics are specific to Wisconsin. Your insurer must be licensed to write worker’s compensation here, and must file the endorsed policy with the Wisconsin Compensation Rating Bureau, which is not a state agency. If no carrier will write you, the Bureau administers the Worker’s Compensation Insurance Pool. And a nonrenewal is not effective until 60 days after your insurer notifies both you and the department in writing7.

Out-of-state employers get caught here regularly. If you have people working in Wisconsin, the policy must name Wisconsin as a covered state in section 3-A. A policy issued for Illinois or Minnesota alone does not satisfy Wisconsin, according to the Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development.

Commercial Vehicles Used for Business in Wisconsin 

Wisconsin requires motor vehicle liability insurance. The minimum limits are $25,000 for injury or death to one person, $50,000 for injury or death to two or more people, and $10,000 for property damage. The state also requires uninsured motorist bodily injury coverage of at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per accident8.

Read those numbers next to the 51 percent rule below and the problem is obvious. A $10,000 property damage limit does not cover a delivery van that rear-ends a work truck. Commercial auto insurance is the correct policy once your business owns or leases a vehicle, employees drive on a regular basis, the vehicle carries products or equipment, or deliveries are part of the work. Hired and non-owned auto handles the liability created when an employee runs a supply errand in a personal car. For-hire and motor carrier operations face separate WisDOT filing rules9. 

Contracts, Leases, and Certificates of Insurance 

A private agreement can require insurance even when state law does not. Your landlord can require liability and property limits. A general contractor can require completed operations, additional insured status, primary and noncontributory wording, and a waiver of subrogation. Read the agreement before you promise anything. 

Then respect what a certificate is. A certificate of insurance summarizes the policy. It does not amend it, extend it, or create coverage. Wisconsin’s Act 241 bulletin is explicit that a certificate cannot alter the underlying policy. If a contract requires an endorsement, the endorsement has to be added to the policy itself. Typing it onto the certificate accomplishes nothing except a false sense of compliance10. 

Business Liability Insurance Wisconsin Owners Should Understand First 

Business insurance Wisconsin owners choose for liability should account for the state’s specific rules on property safety and shared fault.

Wisconsin’s safe place law can impose a higher duty on employers and owners of public buildings, while its comparative negligence law determines how responsibility for an injury affects what each party may owe. Both can directly affect the cost of a liability claim and the limits your business may need.

The Safe Place Statute Raises the Standard 

Wis. Stat. s. 101.11 is a negligence statute with a heightened, non-delegable duty. Employers and owners of public buildings must construct, repair, and maintain the premises as safe as the nature of the place reasonably permits. Courts have read that to include a duty to inspect. If a reasonable inspection would have found the defect and you did not inspect, a jury may infer that you knew, according to Wisconsin Statue. 

Two consequences matter for your coverage. Non-delegable means you cannot point at the contractor you hired and step out of the case. The owner or employer answers to the injured party. And a structural defect, meaning one built into the place when an element was installed or replaced, can create liability whether or not you ever knew about it. The statute reaches employees and frequenters, which includes your customers. This is why premises limits on a Wisconsin storefront, restaurant, or shop deserve a harder look than a national quote assumes. 

The 51 Percent Rule and Why Your Limits Matter 

Wisconsin uses modified comparative negligence under s. 895.045, according to the Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development. An injured person recovers only if their negligence was not greater than the negligence of the party they are suing. That is a 51 percent bar, and it works in your favor. The second half does not. A party found 51 percent or more causally negligent is jointly and severally liable for the whole judgment. Below 51 percent, you pay only your share. At 51 percent, you can be on the hook for all of it, including the share belonging to a co-defendant who cannot pay11. 

That single statutory line is the practical argument for umbrella coverage in Wisconsin. The gap between a 50 percent finding and a 51 percent finding is not one percent of the damages. It can be the entire verdict. 

Wisconsin’s Unique Rule for Businesses That Serve Alcohol 

If you run a tavern, brewery, restaurant, or catering business, Wisconsin gives you protection most states do not. Under s. 125.035(2), a person is immune from civil liability arising out of selling, dispensing, or giving away alcohol. Wisconsin is a broad-immunity state on this question12. 

The exception is narrow and it is the whole ballgame. Immunity does not apply when you provide alcohol to an underage person, you knew or should have known the person was underage, and the alcohol was a substantial factor in injuring a third party, according to Wisconsin Statue. So your exposure is concentrated almost entirely at the door. Carding procedure, server training, and documentation are risk controls with a direct statutory payoff here. Talk with your agent about how liquor liability should be written given how narrow the opening actually is. 

Wisconsin’s liability rules can change both where a claim starts and how large it becomes. General liability covers many premises and operations claims, but it does not cover every exposure. Products liability, professional services, employment practices, cyber events, and alcohol-related risks may require separate coverage. Build your limits and policies around the claims your business can actually face in Wisconsin. Remember, no single policy stretches across all of them13. 

Core Types of Wisconsin Commercial Business Insurance 

Business insurance in Wisconsin is not one policy. Most businesses need a combination of coverages based on what they do, own, and could be held responsible for. Here is what each major coverage protects and where its protection ends:

General Liability Insurance 

General liability insurance answers covered third-party bodily injury, damage to someone else’s property, personal injury, and advertising injury. It funds your legal defense in a covered suit. According to the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance, the premises side of that coverage is doing heavier work than it would in most states, because the safe place statute sets the standard your defense has to meet. General liability does not replace worker’s compensation, property, auto, or professional liability. If you build, make, or sell anything, confirm your products and completed operations coverage, because the claim usually arrives after the job is done. 

Business Owner’s Policy 

A business owner’s policy packages general liability and commercial property for eligible businesses, and it often includes business income and extra expense after a covered property loss. Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance explains that eligibility depends on your operation, your premises, the liability limits you need, and how much of your work happens off site. 

Treat it as a foundation. A BOP does not automatically include worker’s compensation, commercial auto, or professional liability. A Madison marketing firm and a West Allis fabrication shop can both hold a BOP and still have completely different gaps under it, according to the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance. 

Commercial Property and Business Income 

Commercial property covers your building, tenant improvements, equipment, furniture, inventory, and signs. The valuation method decides what you actually collect. Replacement cost repairs or replaces without deducting depreciation. Actual cash value subtracts it. Your limits should reflect current equipment costs, peak inventory, tenant improvements, debris removal, and ordinance or law expense according to the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance. 

Business income replaces lost revenue and pays continuing expenses when a covered property loss stops you. In Wisconsin the questions are seasonal and specific. How long would the repair take if it happened in February? Could you operate from another location? Would a utility outage or damage at a key supplier stop your revenue even though your own building is fine? Flood is typically excluded from commercial property and is handled separately through the federal program14.

Worker’s Compensation Insurance 

Worker’s compensation insurance pays statutory benefits for covered work injuries and occupational disease. That can include medical care, temporary wage loss, permanent disability, vocational rehabilitation, and death benefits. Employers liability responds to certain suits connected to an employee injury according to the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance. 

Wisconsin classifies you primarily by your predominant business, not by every individual job on the payroll. Clerical office employees, outside salespeople, and drivers are recognized standard exceptions when the classification rules are satisfied. Payroll, classification, loss history, and experience rating all move your premium. The Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance states accurate job descriptions and clean payroll records are what keep the audit from becoming a surprise. 

Commercial Auto and Hired and Non-Owned Auto 

Commercial auto insurance covers liability from your vehicles and can add physical damage, uninsured motorist, medical payments, and rental reimbursement.

Hired and non-owned auto coverage protects your business when employees use rented, leased, or personal vehicles for work. It provides liability coverage for the business, but it does not replace the vehicle owner’s personal or commercial auto policy.

One important distinction is easy to miss: physical damage coverage protects the vehicle itself, not the tools, equipment, or inventory inside it. Property that travels between job sites is typically covered under inland marine insurance, according to the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance.

Professional Liability and Cyber Insurance 

Professional liability insurance, also called errors and omissions, answers claims that your advice, your service, a missed deadline, or a mistake cost a client money. It matters for a wide range of businesses, including architects, real estate professionals, and travel advisors. The Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance states general liability insurance is built around bodily injury and property damage, so it is not a substitute. 

Cyber insurance answers the financial response to a covered breach, ransomware event, fraudulent transfer, or network interruption. Coverage can include forensics, notification, legal support, data restoration, extortion response, and third-party liability. Wisconsin gives this a hard edge. Under s. 134.98, you must notify affected individuals within a reasonable time, not to exceed 45 days after you learn of the acquisition. If a single incident requires notifying 1,000 or more people, you must also notify the nationwide consumer reporting agencies without unreasonable delay. 

Read s. 134.98 carefully. Failing to comply is not negligence in itself, but it may be used as evidence of negligence. Your notification file can end up in someone else’s liability case. Pair the policy with backups, multifactor authentication, employee training, and a response plan you have actually tested15.

Inland Marine, Product Liability, Equipment Breakdown, and Umbrella 

Some business risks fall outside the protection provided by general liability and standard property insurance.

  • Inland marine covers eligible property that moves, including tools, installation materials, customer property, and equipment at temporary sites.
  • Product liability answers covered injury or property damage caused by what you sell, make, or distribute. Equipment breakdown answers covered mechanical or electrical failure that standard property coverage handles differently.
  • Commercial umbrella adds limits above your scheduled liability policies, which in Wisconsin is a direct answer to the joint and several exposure at 51 percent16.

Together, these coverages help fill gaps that a usual business insurance plan may leave behind.

Business Insurance Wisconsin Owners Need by Industry 

Business insurance Wisconsin owners need varies by industry, especially in a state with large manufacturing, food production, and distribution sectors.

Wisconsin’s economy is unusually concentrated in things that break, spoil, and ship. The Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation counts a $77 billion manufacturing industry employing more than 470,000 workers, and more than 3,800 food and beverage companies17.

That mix pushes property, equipment, and product exposure to the front of the conversation in a way it would not in a service-heavy state. 

Contractors and Skilled Trades 

Building and construction businesses in Wisconsin may face insurance requirements before they can legally take on certain residential work.

Start with the credential. If your business builds, improves, or alters a one- or two-family dwelling in Wisconsin, the Department of Safety and Professional Services requires a Dwelling Contractor certification, and that certification requires proof of financial responsibility. You satisfy it with a general liability policy of at least $250,000 per occurrence, or a surety bond of at least $25,000. The policy must also provide 30 days written notice to DSPS before cancellation18. 

Understand what that number is. It is a certification floor, not a commercial standard. General contractors and project owners across Wisconsin routinely require far more, and a $250,000 limit sits badly against the safe place statute and the 51 percent rule.

For contractors and skilled trades, business insurance in Wisconsin needs to account for job site liability, employees, vehicles, and tools that move from one project to the next.

A working program for an electrician, plumber, or HVAC company, usually combines:

Wisconsin winters create additional coverage questions.

  • If tools are stolen from a work van overnight, confirm whether your inland marine policy covers them.
  • If temporary heat fails and pipes freeze at a job site, check how your property or installation coverage applies.
  • If someone slips on snow or ice, understand who is responsible for maintaining the site and how your general liability coverage applies.
  • Also verify subcontractor classifications and endorsements rather than relying on a certificate of insurance alone, according to the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance.

In Wisconsin, the right contractor insurance should protect your business from the risks that follow your crews, vehicles, tools, job sites, and completed work.

Manufacturing, Food, and Beverage 

For manufacturing, food, and beverage businesses, business insurance in Wisconsin needs to protect more than the building. Equipment failure, spoiled inventory, product claims, and a shutdown can all create losses at the same time.

A Wisconsin manufacturer, brewery, food producer, or distributor may need:

Before choosing limits, know your maximum inventory value, how long it would take to replace essential equipment, what a week without production would cost, and when your product leaves your control. These numbers help determine whether your property, business income, equipment breakdown, and product coverage are large enough for the loss your business could actually face.

Product recall is separate from product liability, so businesses with meaningful withdrawal or recall expenses should evaluate it on its own. The Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance also notes considerations for businesses that manufacture, sell, or serve alcohol.

The goal is to insure the full chain of risk, from the equipment that makes the product to the financial loss that follows when production or distribution stops.

Retail, Beauty, Wellness, and Personal Services 

For retail, beauty, wellness, and healthcare service businesses, business insurance in Wisconsin needs to account for customer injuries, hands-on services, products, and the property you rely on every day.

These businesses may need:

Wisconsin winters add another liability concern. Snow, ice, and tracked-in water can make entrances and floors hazardous, while the state’s safe place law can create duties involving inspection and maintenance. Document how your business checks and maintains customer areas, particularly during winter weather.

Your insurance application should also identify every treatment, class, product line, and off-site service you provide. If you add a new service during the policy term, tell your agent rather than waiting for renewal. Exclusions and endorsements can determine whether that work is actually covered, according to the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance.

Your coverage should keep pace with the services you offer, the products you sell, and the ways customers interact with your business.

Professional Services and Technology Firms 

For professional services and technology firms, business insurance in Wisconsin needs to reflect both the work you perform and the state rules that apply when that work affects Wisconsin clients, customers, or data.

Architects, software developers, and marketing firms often need:

  • Hired and non-owned auto coverage when employees use personal or rented vehicles for business If you hold Wisconsin residents’ personal information, the 45-day clock in s. 134.98 is yours regardless of where your office sits19.
  • Cyber insurance for data breaches, privacy claims, network events, and certain recovery costs

Home-Based and Mobile Businesses 

For home-based and mobile businesses, business insurance in Wisconsin needs to follow the work beyond a traditional storefront or office.

Wisconsin’s Office of the Commissioner of Insurance warns business owners not to assume a homeowners policy will fully cover a home-based business. Depending on the operation, coverage may need to include:

The right solution may be a home-business endorsement, a business owner’s policy, or separate commercial policies, according to the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance.

Mobile businesses also need to separate property risk from vehicle risk. A photographer, mobile stylist, or handyman could lose equipment at a client site and then be involved in an accident while driving home. Inland marine can cover eligible equipment away from the primary location, while commercial auto or hired and non-owned auto addresses vehicle liability.

For a mobile Wisconsin business, coverage needs to travel with both the property and the work.

How Wisconsin Weather Changes Your Property and Income Risk 

Wisconsin averages three to five winter storms per season and a significant ice storm about once every four or five years. The average date of the first snowstorm is November 1020. Heavy snow, freezing rain, and extreme cold damage roofs, freeze pipes, cut utilities, delay deliveries, and turn your parking lot into a safe place question. 

Know four answers before you need them. How does your policy value roof damage? Do wind or hail deductibles apply? Who is contractually responsible for snow and ice at your site? And how fast must you report frozen pipes or water damage? Equipment breakdown, utility service interruption, and business income often matter more than the building repair itself. 

Severe weather is not just a winter problem here. The Wisconsin State Climatology Office reports an average of 23 tornadoes per year since 1981, a record 62 in 2005, and 45 in 2024, the third-highest count on record. Wisconsin has now recorded a tornado in every month of the year21. Flood needs separate attention, because commercial property typically does not cover it. National Flood Insurance Program coverage can insure a qualifying building and its contents, subject to separate limits, deductibles, and waiting periods, according to the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance.

What Affects the Cost of Business Insurance in Wisconsin? 

Business insurance Wisconsin costs vary widely because insurers price the work you do, the property you own, the people you employ, and the coverage you choose.

Most Wisconsin small businesses pay between $250 and $3,000 per year, depending on how many coverages you select and which policy types you need. That is a wide band for a reason. A solo consultant in Eau Claire with no office, no vehicles, and no employees is not the same risk as a roofing contractor, a restaurant, or a manufacturer.

A single general liability policy sits at the low end. A program with property, worker’s compensation, commercial auto, cyber, and an umbrella sits at the high end. 

What moves your number: 

  • Your industry and operations, including construction, manufacturing, food service, retail, personal services, or professional advice 
  • Revenue, payroll, employee count, and your worker’s compensation classifications 
  • Building construction, age, roof condition, fire protection, occupancy, and property values 
  • Equipment, tools, inventory, seasonal peaks, and property that travels 
  • Vehicles, drivers, business use, garaging, and travel radius 
  • Claims history, years in business, safety controls, and documented procedures 
  • Limits, deductibles, endorsements, and what your contracts require 
  • Whether you qualify for a BOP or another package policy 

Compare quotes on identical terms or you are not comparing anything. A cheaper number often means a lower limit, a higher deductible, a restrictive classification, or a missing endorsement.

Check what is excluded, how property is valued, whether defense costs erode your limit, and whether every operation you run is actually listed. Location matters through property values, fire protection, weather exposure, and foot traffic. City size by itself does not set your premium22.

Does a Wisconsin LLC Need Business Insurance? 

A Wisconsin LLC may need business insurance in Wisconsin based on its employees, vehicles, contracts, licenses, and day-to-day operations, not simply because it is structured as an LLC.

An LLC does not create an insurance requirement, and it does not replace insurance either. The legal structure does not pay your defense costs, a settlement, medical bills, damaged equipment, lost income, a cyber response, or a vehicle claim. It does not satisfy a lease or a customer agreement that requires proof of coverage. And it does not lower the safe place standard that applies to your premises, according to Wisconsin law. 

Evaluate coverage once your Wisconsin LLC has employees, owns or rents property, uses vehicles, works at customer locations, provides professional services, sells products, stores sensitive data, or signs contracts. LLC members are generally not counted as employees for worker’s compensation, but your company can still be required to insure everyone else on the payroll. Members can elect coverage for themselves23.

How to Choose Business Insurance in Wisconsin 

Choosing business insurance in Wisconsin starts with understanding what coverage the law, your contracts, and your actual business risks require.

1. Confirm the legal floor. Check your worker’s compensation threshold, Wisconsin’s vehicle minimums, and any license-specific insurance or bonding rule such as the Department of Safety and Professional Services Dwelling Contractor requirement.

2. Read your contracts before you pick limits. Identify additional insured, completed operations, auto, umbrella, waiver, and certificate requirements. Then size against the 51 percent rule, not against the contract minimum. 

3. Describe every operation. Include off-site work, subcontractors, delivery, online sales, manufacturing, treatments, and professional advice. 

4. Inventory property and income exposure. Include tenant improvements, seasonal inventory, mobile equipment, critical machinery, and how long recovery would actually take. 

5. Match each risk to the correct policy. General liability, professional liability, auto, cyber, employment practices, and product liability solve different problems. 

6. Compare coverage, not premium. Review exclusions, deductibles, valuation, defense provisions, endorsements, carrier strength, and claims support. 

7. Review after anything changes. Hiring, buying a vehicle, moving, adding a service, signing a large contract, or expanding into another state can change the answer. 

The right small business insurance in Wisconsin depends on how your business operates, what it owns, and where a claim could cost you the most. Compare coverage, limits, exclusions, and endorsements together so you are not relying on one policy to cover a risk it was never designed to handle.

Get Wisconsin Business Insurance Through Gild 

Gild Insurance Agency helps Wisconsin business owners build coverage around the work they actually perform. Start online when it is convenient for you. Get licensed guidance from a Gild Agent to when you want it! Gild helps you find real coverage options, meet certificate and contract requirements, and understand which policies fit best for your businesses risks.

Serious coverage for serious professionals. Smarter coverage, priced for reality. 

Ready to protect your business? Get a quote online or schedule a call with a Gild agent today.

Sources

  1. https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/101/i/11 ↩︎
  2. https://dwd.wisconsin.gov/wc/employers/ ↩︎
  3. https://dwd.wisconsin.gov/dwd/publications/wc/wkc-13472-p.htm ↩︎
  4. https://dwd.wisconsin.gov/dwd/publications/wc/wkc-13333-p.htm ↩︎
  5. https://dwd.wisconsin.gov/worker-classification/wc/ ↩︎
  6. https://dwd.wisconsin.gov/dwd/publications/wc/wkc-7317.htm ↩︎
  7. https://dwd.wisconsin.gov/dwd/publications/wc/wkc-13472-p.htm ↩︎
  8. https://oci.wi.gov/Pages/Consumers/PI-233.aspx ↩︎
  9. https://oci.wi.gov/Documents/Consumers/PI-085.pdf ↩︎
  10. https://oci.wi.gov/Pages/Regulation/Bulletin20180629Act241.aspx ↩︎
  11. https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/895/i/045 ↩︎
  12. https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/125.035 ↩︎
  13. https://oci.wi.gov/Pages/Consumers/PI-045.aspx ↩︎
  14. https://oci.wi.gov/Pages/Consumers/FloodInsurance.aspx Business-owner guidance ↩︎
  15. https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/data-breach-response-guide-business ↩︎
  16. https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/895/i/045 ↩︎
  17. https://wedc.org/key-industries/ ↩︎
  18. https://dsps.wi.gov/Credentialing/Trades/fm3096.pdf ↩︎
  19. https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/134/98 ↩︎
  20. https://readywisconsin.wi.gov/winter-storms/ ↩︎
  21. https://climatology.nelson.wisc.edu/wisconsin-tornado-climatology/ ↩︎
  22. https://oci.wi.gov/Pages/Consumers/PI-045.aspx ↩︎
  23. https://dwd.wisconsin.gov/dwd/publications/wc/wkc-13333-p.htm ↩︎